Carlson Research LLC

From 2012 to 2023, Carlson Research LLC provided consulting services to a variety of life sciences clients, including performing numerical and finite element modeling throughout this period for the Department of Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.

We have presented our work at conferences and in refereed journals, including the:

• IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference
• Cancer Research
• American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting
• Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) Annual Meeting and SNO-SCIDOT Joint Conference
• Annual World Congress of the Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics
• COMSOL Conference

Areas of Expertise

• Finite element modeling and numerical modeling
• Modeling the effects of electric and magnetic fields on tissues and cells
• Effects of electric fields on the nervous system — neuromodulation, electroceuticals, and transcranial electric stimulation (TES)
• Effects of magnetic fields on tissues, such as osteogenesis, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and neuromodulation
• Effects of alternating electric fields on tumor cells (tumor-treating fields, also known as TTFields)

Our Team

We have a network of skilled and experienced affiliated engineers, including Professor Socrates Dokos, deputy head of the Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, and author of Modelling Organs, Tissues, Cells and Devices: Using MATLAB and COMSOL Multiphysics (Lecture Notes in Bioengineering)

Consultant Contributions

COMSOL User Story

• Modeling Scar Effects in Electrical Spinal Cord Stimulation

COMSOL Conference Presentations

• Key Lessons from Multi-Scale Modeling of Body, Tissue, Cell, and Sub-Cellular Structures
• Modeling Electrotaxis of Stem Cells to Stroke Sites in the Human Brain
• Simulating 200 kHz AC Tumor-Killing Fields with COMSOL Multiphysics^®
• Electroceutical Modeling with Advanced COMSOL^® Techniques
• How Finite Element Analysis Revolutionized a 100-Year Old Equation

Journal Articles, Book Chapters, and Conference Abstracts Based on COMSOL Modeling

• J. E. Arle, L. Z. Mei, and K. W. Carlson, "Fiber threshold accommodation as a mechanism of burst and high frequency spinal cord stimulation," Neuromodulation, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 582–593, 2020.
• K. W. Carlson et al., "How Do Tumor-Treating Fields Work?" Brain and Human Body Modeling 2020: Computational Human Models Presented at IEEE EMBC 2019, S. Makarov, G. Noetscher, and A. Nummenmaa, eds. Springer Nature, pp. 19–36, 2020.
• K. W. Carlson et al., "Simulating the Effect of 200 kHz AC Electric Fields on Tumour Cell Structures to Uncover the Mechanism of a Cancer Therapy," Brain and Human Body Modeling: Computational Human Modeling at EMBC 2018, S. Makarov, M. Horner, and G. Noetscher, eds., Springer, pp.127–137, 2019.
• K. W. Carlson and J. E. Arle, "Numerical Modeling to Optimize Treatment Protocols in Neuromodulation and Electroceuticals," Proc. 32nd Int. Union Radio Sci. Gen. Assy. and Sci. Symp. (URSI GASS 2020), AIM Group International, 2020.
• K. W. Carlson et al., "Simulation as a Critical Ingredient of the Electroceutical Paradigm," Proc. 40th Ann. Int'l. Conf. IEEE Eng. Med. and Bio. Soc. (IEEE EMBC 40), 2018.
• J. E. Arle, K. W. Carlson, and L. Mei, "Investigation of mechanisms of vagus nerve stimulation for seizure using finite element modeling," Epilepsy Research, vol. 126, pp. 109–118, 2016.
• J.E. Arle et al., "High-Frequency Stimulation of Dorsal Column Axons: Potential Underlying Mechanism of Paresthesia-Free Neuropathic Pain Relief," Neuromodulation, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 385–397, 2016.
• J.E. Arle et al., "Modeling effects of scar on patterns of dorsal column stimulation," Neuromodulation, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 320–333, 2014.